Mexican Sunflower (Tithonia)

Tithonia rotundifolia

Family Asteraceae

Annual annualZones 2-11

Botanical illustration of Mexican Sunflower (Tithonia)

When migrating monarchs pass through in fall, they choose Mexican sunflower over nearly everything else in the yard. Blazing orange daisies on a shoulder-high bush, opening nonstop from midsummer to frost, in exactly the hot, dry, lean spot where other annuals give up.

Sow a few seeds after frost and it does the rest, reaching shoulder height in weeks with zero pampering — rich soil only makes it flop. Butterflies, bees, and hummingbirds work the flowers; birds take the seeds after. One hot, dry corner is all the invitation it needs.

Where to buy mexican sunflower (tithonia) — 5 nurseries compared

  • Full Sun
  • Low water
  • Very Fast growth
  • Attracts hummingbirds
  • Attracts butterflies
  • Attracts bees
  • None winter chill
Mexican Sunflower (Tithonia) — a print from the Plant Library collection

From the print shop

Growing mexican sunflower (tithonia)? Hang it.

Our Plant Library collection carries mexican sunflower (tithonia) — Tithonia rotundifolia, print Nº 479, “Mexican Sunflower (Tithonia).”

526 designsfrom $12.99white or black backgroundmatte poster, unframed

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✓

Will it fruit where you are?

Enter your ZIP — we look up your USDA hardiness zone (2023 map) and check it against what mexican sunflower (tithonia) actually needs.

Life cycleAnnual
Winter chillNone

Mexican Sunflower (Tithonia) · Common problems

Common mexican sunflower (tithonia) problems

Pests, diseases and weather to keep an eye on.

Pests

2 problems on file

Diseases

1 problem on file

  • Almost none

Mexican Sunflower (Tithonia) · Growing & propagation

Growing mexican sunflower (tithonia)

Light, water, soil, propagation and the season’s jobs.
What it needsThe details
Light
Full Sun
Water
Low

Thrives in heat and drought

Soil
Any, even poor

Lean is fine · pH 6.0 - 7.5

Fertilizer
None

Rich soil = floppy giant

Pruning
Deadhead for more bloom; stake in wind

If you plant one thing for monarchs, consider this — vivid orange daisies on a big fast bush that butterflies (especially migrating monarchs), bees, and hummingbirds mob from summer to frost. It revels in the hottest, driest, poorest spot you have (rich soil just makes it flop). Great cut flower. Direct-sow after frost; it grows shoulder-high fast. A pollinator magnet with knockout color.

Spacing
18-24 in

How to plant & propagate mexican sunflower (tithonia)

Maturity
80-100 days
From seed
Direct-sow after frost

Fast and huge

Propagate
From seed

Mexican Sunflower (Tithonia) · Calculators & field guides

A little help in the garden.

Calculators for the figures. Field guides for the hands-on work.

Mexican Sunflower (Tithonia) · Yearly calendar

The mexican sunflower (tithonia) year, month by month

What mexican sunflower (tithonia) asks for, month by month.

Jan

No calendar activity is listed for this month.

MonthJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Bloom

BloomJune to August

What each band means

  • Bloom — flowers open — pollinators working, frost on blossoms is the danger.

These are the species' typical months — expect them a few weeks earlier in warm zones and later in cold ones. Watch the plant, not just the calendar.

Mexican Sunflower (Tithonia) · Ecology & uses

Ecology & uses

What it does for the garden, and what it is grown for.
Botanical illustration of Mexican Sunflower (Tithonia)

Tithonia rotundifolia

Mexican Sunflower (Tithonia) in the garden system

  • Herbaceous layer annual
  • Nectary/insectary
Attracts
Hummingbirds, Butterflies, Bees
Habitat
Dry/rocky
Moisture
Upland / dry
Deer
Browsed

Protect young plants

Origin
Introduced

What mexican sunflower (tithonia) is grown for

✓ Commonly eaten

Use
Monarch magnet
Use
Hot/dry color
Use
Cut flower
Use
Fast screen

Harvesting & storing mexican sunflower (tithonia)

Seeds feed birds. About 80-100 days from planting.

Edibility, identification, and traditional-use notes here are general reference — not medical or veterinary advice, and not a claim that any plant treats or prevents anything. Medicinal ratings record how strongly a plant features in herbal tradition, nothing more. Never eat or dose a plant you have not positively identified. More on how to use this library.

Mexican Sunflower (Tithonia) · Varieties & cultivars

Choosing a mexican sunflower (tithonia) variety

Match the plant to your climate, season and available space.

'Torch' (classic orange, 5-6 ft); 'Goldfinger' (compact 3 ft); 'Fiesta del Sol' (dwarf, early)

Sources & plant identity

Know what you’re growing.
See where the knowledge comes from.

Botanical illustration of Mexican Sunflower (Tithonia)

Mexican Sunflower (Tithonia)

Tithonia rotundifolia

The plant, at a glance.

Botanical name
Tithonia rotundifolia
Plant family
Asteraceae
Growth habit
Annual
Origin
Introduced
USDA plant symbol
TIRO
Invasive risk
Low
Every garden is different.

Hardiness, size and timing vary with your cultivar, soil and climate.

Rooted in research.

University extension research, brought together with hands-on growing experience at Story Thyme Farms.

Questions

Mexican Sunflower (Tithonia) questions, answered straight.

Is mexican sunflower (tithonia) safe for kids and pets?

Mexican Sunflower (Tithonia) is commonly eaten and isn't considered toxic, but "commonly eaten" isn't a guarantee for any particular person or animal — allergies, quantity, and which part you eat all matter. Never eat a plant you haven't positively identified, and check with a vet before letting pets or livestock graze anything new.

When do you harvest mexican sunflower (tithonia)?

Seeds feed birds. From planting, expect about 80-100 days to maturity.

How do you propagate mexican sunflower (tithonia)?

From seed.

Elsewhere

Where mexican sunflower (tithonia) sits in the library.

Grows in the same world